Results of a research, The Status of Governance, Academic Freedom, and Teaching Personnel in Ethiopian Higher Education. undertaken in 2006. Its main objective was to identify the regulatory framework, institutional arrangements and established practices pertaining to governance, academic freedom and conditions of service of higher-education teaching personnel and assess these in terms of their compliance with the relevant principles and norms enshrined in the 1997 UNESCO Recommendation. Over 555 teaching personnel and 2,110 students participated in the case studies and this publication presents the findings of all the case studies. 144pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Analyses the findings of an extensive research project conducted by Oxfam in Ethiopia. Ends with recommendations addressed to the government of Ethiopia, NGOs, and major donors and creditors, arguing that renewed efforts at all levels must be made to meet internationally agreed human-development targets by 2015. A4 format, 103pp, UK. OXFAM PUBLICATIONS, 0855984716

An evaluative study of the impact of Agrarian reform in Ethiopia with particular regional focus on the South. Bib, tables, 105pp, USA/ERITREA. AFRICA WORLD PRESS, 0932415075

Asks how the pastoral Ethiopian Afar cope with the introduction of irrigated cultivation in the lowlands and the displacement of their communities from these lands, policies initiated by a coercive state that regards them as backward. Tables, notes, app, bib, index, 208pp, THE NETHERLANDS. INTERNATIONAL BOOKS.

Araqe is a traditional home-distilled beverage that is made from an assortment of cereals such as wheat, sorghum and maize, and has a high level of ethanol. A ubiquitous feature of present day Ethiopian society, Araqe is more than the alcoholic drink of choice for people living in rural and small towns. Thanks to its qualities of divisibility, long shelf-life, portability, and high unit value, it is also an important commodity that is produced by, traded between, and consumed in most rural and urban areas of the country. Its negative effects notwithstanding, it is a major object of exchange that ties cities to their rural hinterlands and with one another, thus becoming an important component of the social fabric of the society. This study explores the processes (origin, introduction and spread), patterns (arenas, manners), trends (currently evolving forms and future directions), as well as impacts (on environment, economy, social, health and security) of the production, marketing, and consumption of the homemade liquor. 136pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Explores the root causes of Ethiopia's arrested development and exposes the oppressive mechanisms of successive Ethiopian states. Index, 335pp, USA. RED SEA PRESS.

The main goal of the OSSREA project on Poverty Reduction Strategies in sub-Saharan Africa, from which this book is derived, was to analyse the ongoing poverty reduction strategy processes (PRSP) and provide guidance to policymakers and advocacy groups in selected countries. The specific objectives were: i) To assess the core elements of the poverty reduction strategies with respect to the desired targets; ii) To analyse the feasibility of envisaged ap-proaches in implementing the strategies and sustainability of outcomes; iii) In relation to the above, to assess the monitoring and evaluation indicators as well as the institutional aspects of the implementation of strategies; and iv) To analyse the role of IMF conditionalities and other regional and global issues relevant to the process, including debt reduction, market access and foreign investment. 128pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

Explores the prose narratives of the Borana branch of the Oromo in Ethiopia. The Borana possess an immensely powerful, prolific, and systematic oral tradition, and this enquiry provides the reader with information on this tradition, and on the social context in which the folklore remains highly active today. Three Borana prose genres are defined and described, each according to its inherent features and with reference to the settings in which narration occurs. Issues concerning the identity of the performer, occasion, style of performances and interaction between narrator and audience are discussed. 204pp, UK. HAAN ASSOCIATES.

Study of the general political conditions and details of the extensive commitment of the German Democratic Republic in Ethiopia between 1976 and 1990 as part of Ethiopia's drive towards the Eastern Bloc. Uses Ethiopian sources, especially concerning military and security issues, which are not available to the broad public. Examines the GDR's exertion of influence in the areas of politics, ideology, military, and domestic security, in particular. Apps, notes, 105pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG.

This book considers traditional tillage systems and the results of tests carried out on appropriate conservation tillage implements and systems for smallholder farmers in semi-arid regions of Ethiopia. The traditional tillage implement, the Maresha Plough, and the related tillage systems were identified as being the main cause of repeated and cross-ploughing, leading to land degradation and reduced water productivity. Modified implements were found to be suitable for conservation tillage systems while being simple, light and affordable. Two types of tillage systems developed for maize and tef were found to reduce surface runoff, increase availability of water to crops and increase yields. Co & b/w illus, 130pp, UK. TAYLOR AND FRANCIS.

The author argues that the constitution of the current Ethiopian government is programmatic, and similar to that of Stalinist Russia, with no separation of power between the judiciary, legislature and executive. He argues that the prospect of a democratic election under a totalitarian constitution is null and void. TEXT IN AMHARIC. 208pp, USA. AESOP PUBLISHERS.

Since 1991, there has been renewed debate in Ethiopia concerning the implication of the country's past for the present government. The long-standing debate was given an added impetus by Eritrea's independence from Ethiopia and the threat of disintegration posed by the continual struggle for self-determination by other ethno-national groups. In this book, a team of historians and sociologists confront the scholarship of power that dismisses politically engaged scholarship in the name of academic objectivity. 268pp, USA. RED SEA PRESS.

In Ethiopia, where agro-ecological conditions are generally favourable, 85 percent of the national population lives in rural areas under subsistence or semi-subsistence regimes. Agricultural cooperatives are advocated by the government as key market institutions to exploit Ethiopia's agricultural growth potential. The scope of this study is to improve the understanding of the role played by cooperative organizations in linking Ethiopian smallholder farmers to emerging markets. 129pp, NETHERLANDS. WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PRESS.

This volume brings together studies by the Forum for Social Studies and others, with the aim of identifying knowledge gaps for further research and to generate debate on the issues in Ethiopia. The study is in two parts: a literature review seeking to document existing studies and highlight research gaps; and field work which involved a rapid assessment of eight weredas and two kifle ketemas in Addis Ababa. The other three studies are synopses of master theses submitted to the Institute of Regional and Local Development Studies of Addis Ababa Univer-sity. 176pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Due to the debate that has developed around the political significance of their Gada system of generational classes, the Oromo-Borana (a pastoral people living in Ethiopia and Kenya) have become a classic reference of comparative anthropology. In this study the author looks at the subject from the point of view of the dynamics that characterize Borana decision-making, brought to light through rigorous ethnographic investigation. Index, bib, 394pp, USA. AFRICA WORLD PRESS.

Examines the role and effectiveness of international assistance lent to Ethiopia to support the democrati-sation process. The work is part of a larger research project sponsored by the Netherlands Institute of International Relations to evaluate donor assistance to eight developing, post-conflict countries from the point of view of the recipient countries themselves. The overall framework of the research was to assess the extent to which donor assistance has contributed to the development of sustainable and effective electoral, media and human rights institutions in post-conflict societies. 121pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

An account of the deportation of several thousand Eritreans from Ethiopia in 1998. The author describes the ordeal of deportation and tells the stories of people leaving their homes and lives behind to face an uncertain future as refugees. Illustrated with b/w photographs. 261pp, ERITREA. MELLESE WOLDESELASSIE,

2000 NO ISBN Paperback

In 1996, the Ethiopian government introduced the Civil Service Reform Program (CSRP) to disentangle the intricacies of the old bureaucratic system, and to build a fair, responsible, efficient, ethical and transparent civil service that accelerates and sustains the economic development of the country. However, lack of competent personnel, prevalence of attitudinal problems and absence of a strong institutional framework constrained the success of the reform. To reinvigorate the CSRP, the Ethiopian government has been implementing BPR in public organizations since 2004. In this regard, there are claims and counter-claims on the effectiveness of BPR implementation in improving the performance of public organizations. Motivated by such claims, this research has assessed the design, challenges, implementation and outcome of BPR in four public organizations using questionnaires, interviews, observations and review of secondary sources. 178pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

Rural destitution is a growing phenomenon in Ethiopia, closely associated with population growth, resource scarcity, crop failure and famine. Conducted in a woina dega community in the Wag Hamra zone and a kola community in South Wello in the Ethiopian highlands, this research paper attempts to further understanding about destitution. 35pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Action for Development, Christian Aid, and Inter-Church Organization for Development Cooperation commissioned this study in Wollaita, one of the most densely populated areas of Ethiopia. It examines the development interventions of the last four and a half decades from the point of view of three key determinants of poverty and destitution: population dynamics and land shortage, urbanisation and commercialisation, and livelihood diversification. The interventions are found to have largely failed to address these key determinants; and the study suggests that a considerable change of policy is needed to put these determinants at centre stage and to accelerate the pace of development. 88pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Having just emerged from a prolonged civil war and faced with the urgent tasks of establishing political stability and reinvigorating an economy in tatters, the Transitional Government of Ethiopia (1991-1995) had to set a new direction for the economic reconstruction and social rehabilitation of the warn-torn and poverty-ridden country. During the Transitional Period a spate of new policies and strategies defining the development priorities, goals and implementation instruments of the new regime led by the EPRDF was introduced. This work is a synthesis of various sectoral policies and an attempt to trace the genesis of the policies, highlight the continuities, significant departures and other salient features. Each of the reviews in this digest briefly analyses the critical elements of the policies, identifies major gaps in the conceptualisation of the policy as well as the achievements registered and the challenges encountered in its implementation. The authors also try to identify the outstanding issues to be addressed by policymakers and suggest remedies. The policy reviews have been grouped into three parts and presented under social, economic and governance sectors. 471pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Proceedings of the Ethiopian and German Contributions to Conflict Management and Resolution Conference held in Addis Ababa, 11-12 November 2005. 290pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG.

In Ethiopia, environmental conflicts struggles over natural or environmental resources have frequently been caused by competing claims over land, pasture, forests and water, owing to both the intrinsic and the symbolic values of these commodities. Thus the environment, far from being a neutral terrain, is subject to competing economic, cultural and religious forces. This study seeks to understand the notion of the environment in relation to socio-economic argu-ments, and discussions about culture and identity, so as to open up an area of research that has not received as much attention as it deserves. 44pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

A second edition in 'country profile' series, with an eight page update on the recent war with Eritrea and on the changing internal situation. A readable introduction to culture, history, politics and development issues. Maps, b/w photos, 72pp, UK. OXFAM PUBLICATIONS, 0855984848

A general analysis of the political, social, economic and legal state of Ethiopia and its nationalities over the last four decades. Bib, 300pp, USA. RED SEA PRESS.

1994 0932415806 Paperback

Ethiopia is a federal democratic state dominated by one political coalition. Opposition parties claim they have no chances. The rural majority feel controlled from above, unable to influence political decisions. Observers describe elections as manipulated and non-representative of the will of the people for whom the word democracy frequently appears to be synonymous with domination and coercion. Essays focus on four key areas: Traditional Systems of Governance, The Peasant and the Management of Power and Resources, Alternative Loci of Power, Alternative Voices. Refs, notes, tables, 215pp, SWEDEN. NORDIC AFRICA INSTITUTE, 9171065016

An account of the failed peace of Ethiopia and the ethnic divisions which are the root cause of the contemporary crisis in democracy and economic development. Refs, notes, maps, xix, 248pp, ETHIOPIA. MISC ETHIOPIAN PUBLISHERS, 9042301996

2003 Paperback

The contributions cover and examine such important topics as historiography, political power and legitimacy, ideology and radical views, knowledge transmission and modernity, emigration and the Ethiopian Diaspora, ethnic and linguistic identity, patriarchy and feminist discourses in a traditional society, public policies and economic development, traditional and modern art and culture, and neo-liberalism and globalization. 232pp, UK. ROUTLEDGE.

How was an autocratic emperor replaced by a totalitarian dictator? An unexpected popular upsurge in February 1974 made the ancient regime of Emperor Haile Selassie buckle. The Derg, a group of army officers led by an obscure and ruthless major Mengistu Hailemariam, seized power by military coup in September 1974 and removed the Emperor. What was the 'red terror'? The callous executions of members of the old regime initiated a cult of violence. The Derg were united by the shedding of blood. Search and destroy campaigns against militants led on to the full-blown 'red terror' in which thousands of the regime's opponents were brutally murdered in the streets. In what way was 'transitional justice' administered? The main officials were found guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity by the Ethiopian Federal High Court and sentenced to life imprisonment. Some of the minor officials had already been sentenced to death, whilst President Mugabe has given Mengistu sanctuary in Zimbabwe. Index, 156pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

A modern perspective on the history of Ethiopia post 1974 looking at the political and economic malaise which has affected the societies of the country. Chapters are organised by themes such as revolution, war, sovereignty, development and political economy amongst others. notes, xii, 338pp, SINGAPORE. SENG LEE PRESS PVT LTD, 9810477732

2002 Paperback

A study of popular protest and resistance in Ethiopia focusing on three important peasant-based rebellions between 1941 and 1970. The author concludes that these revolts were not a consequence of capitalist commercialisation and exploitation, as was usually the case in most Third World countries, but were connected with the rise of a modern, bureaucratic, multi-ethnic national state. Notes, tables, bib, index, 272pp, USA. AFRICA WORLD PRESS, 1569020191

Series of essays which examine the history of Ethiopia since the fall of Menguistu's Derg. Democratisation in its historical and political context are looked at. Contains original empirical information. Index, refs, notes, 254pp, UK. ZED BOOKS, 1842771779

Traces the evolution of the modern Ethiopian State and its consolidation under the last three successive regimes. The author argues that the adoption of a democratic agenda in 1991 afforded an unrealized opportunity to break with an imperial and autocratic past, and concludes the book with his recipe for change. App, bib, index, xxiv, 270pp, USA/ERITREA. RED SEA PRESS, 156902121X

Since 1991, Ethiopia has gone further than any other country in the world in using ethnicity as the fundamental organising principle of a federal system of government. And yet this pioneering experiment in 'ethnic federalism' has been largely ignored in the growing literature on democra-tisation and ethnicity in Africa and on the accommodation of ethnic diversity in democratic states. The aim of this book is to bring a much needed comparative dimension to the discussion of Ethiopian federalism and to 'liberate' this discussion from an Ethiopianist 'ghetto'. Apart from giving close examination to various aspects of the Ethiopian case, the book asks why the use of territorial decentralization to accommodate ethnic differences has been generally unpopular in Africa, while it is growing in popularity in the West. It includes case studies of Nigerian and Indian federalism and suggests how Ethiopia might learn from both the failures and successes of these older federations. Index, 246pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

This paper tells the story of four families in Gäta in South Wälo, a Muslim community in rural Ethiopia with a long history. It depicts their lives during a recent period of drought and famine, where the effects of the killer famine of 1984 are still felt. The story provides a rare glimpse of the human suffering behind the grim statistics of poverty and famine in the country. 65pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

The terrible 1984 famine in Ethiopia focused the world's attention on the country and the issue of aid as never before. Anyone over the age of 30 remembers something of the events - if not the original TV pictures, then Band Aid and Live Aid, Geldof and Bono. Peter Gill was the first journalist to reach the epicentre of the famine and one of the TV reporters who brought the tragedy to light. This book is the story of what happened to Ethiopia in the 25 years following Live Aid: the place, the people, the westerners who have tried to help, and the wider multinational aid business that has come into being. 304pp, UK. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Second Edition. A study of the history and development of Ethiopian society combining history, anthropology and sociology, looking at questions such as why Ethiopia remained independent despite the onslaught of European expansion. Index, bib, notes, apps, xxv, 231pp, USA. CHICAGO U P.

Relations in Metekel, Northwestern Ethiopia

This study based on many years of field research tries to reveal the complex socio cultural, economic and environmental changes brought about by the state sponsored resettlement scheme Pawe in the north western lowlands of Ethiopia. Bib, tables, 345pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG.

Looks at the importance of wetlands and their management in Ethiopia in the context of indigenous knowledge systems. BNS, 260pp, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS, 0754630447

The rural communities of the Gamo Highlands are the subject of this ethnography which looks at cultural change and transformation. Notes, select glossary, b/w ill, tables, diags, bib, x, 180pp, UK. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 0521818540

The urban sector in Ethiopia has largely been neglected by researchers and policy analysts, and ignored in debates on poverty. This has resulted in a rural bias, which is reflected in development policies and public debate in the country. If one of the goals of development is to reverse the dominance of the rural economy, and to place the urban environment on the centre stage, it is important to shift the balance of the research agenda from the rural to the urban. The papers in this volume were first presented at the Third International Conference on the Ethiopian Economy convened by the Ethiopian Economic Association in 2005. 60pp, ERTHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Offers the results of the most recent research carried out in European and Israeli universities on Ethiopian Jews, focusing on Europe and the role played by German, English and Italian Jewish communities in creating a new Jewish Ethiopian identity. BNS, 240pp, UK. ROUTLEDGE.

Papers from a 2005 conference organized by the Forum for Social Studies and the Ethiopian Economic Association and the Agricultural Economics Society of Ethiopia. The conference's aims were twofold: to keep the debate on the land question alive, and to move the focus and scope of the debate if civil society and the public at large are to benefit from it. The land issue not only bears on a wide range of development and policy problems, but in a predominantly agrarian society such as Ethiopia, land is a critical asset and central to socio-economic development. Civil society is seeking to broaden the debate, which has hitherto been narrowly framed. 208pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Under its programme of land investments, the Ethiopian government has leased out huge tracts of land to domestic and foreign investors on terms that are highly favourable to both but particularly to foreign ones. Critical reports on the 'bonanza' reaped by foreign capital have appeared in the world media and the websites of international activist organizations, and while some of these are based on questionable evidence, the global attention they have drawn may well be deserved given the image of the country as a land of poverty and hunger. This study, which is based on information gathered from field interviews as well as other sources, looks at the subject from a land rights perspective, with emphasis on the relations of power between small land-users and their communities on the one hand and the state on the other. At bottom what is at stake is the land and the resources on it, and what is being grabbed are rights that in most cases belong to peasant farmers, pastoralists and their communities. In the long run, the shift of agrarian system from small-scale to large-scale, foreign dominated production -which is what the investment program is now doing- will marginalize small producers, and cause immense damage to local ecosystems, wildlife habitats and biodiversity. 64pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

During the last decade and a half, the use of local languages for official purposes, particularlyin primary education, has become a pronounced characteristic of Ethiopian education system. The fact that as many as 22 languages have been introduced into the school system since mid 1990s represents a major ideological shift from the previous policies the country had adopted over the course of several centuries. The primary objective of this study was to make a critical appraisal of the implementation of vernacular education in the Harari region and examine the challenges of providing primary education in several Ethiopian and international languages, namely English, Amharic, Oromo, Arabic and Harari. 176pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

A study of the political ecology of khat, a psychoactive shrub, looking at the mystery the drug has been shrouded in and its impact on the modern economy of the Horn of Africa. Illustrated with b/w maps, images and charts. Index, bib, apps, 210pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

In Ethiopia urban poverty, in comparison to rural poverty and national level poverty, has increased over time. This has necessitated urban poverty reduction as an important area of intervention in urban development and planning. The objective of this study is to understand the livelihood situations of the poor in big and small towns, and identify the gaps and linkages between the livelihood requirements of the poor and policies at municipal level. 174pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

A study of the extent and nature of environmental problems in urban areas in Ethiopia and their impact on health. The author's in depth analysis suggests ways to deal with these problems at community, municipal and national levels. BNS, 266pp, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS.

An analysis of the involvement of both Muslims and Christians in the Red Sea slave trade raising questions about the role of African collaborators in the slave trade and Scramble for Africa. The author looks in particular the impact of Abyssinian politics on the migration of the Oromo and the links between the slave trade and the trade in firearms in northeast Africa from 1865 to 1913. Index, notes, bib, 272pp, USA. KIRK HOUSE PUBLISHERS, 188651349X

To date, there has not been an independent assessment of the contribution of the MSE development strategy to poverty reduction, job creation and business growth either at the federal or Regional levels. To fill the gap, the Forum for Social Studies commissioned this study in 2009 to assess the benefits and long-term sustainability of the strategy as well as the businesses/enterprises that have been set up by the large number of entrepreneurs. 96pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Study based on primary data collected in field research in 2003 and 2004, tracing the migration, settlement, conflict, displacement, and resettlement of Amhara migrants from East Wollega Zone in west-central Ethiopia. Argues that migration has multiple causes including social, economic, political and ecological factors and shows how migrants established social bonds with local Oromo communities. Concludes with policy recommendations for future population movements and relocations. 188pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

Examines the interplay between technology, social organization and gender based on an ethnographic study among the Gumuz in the Benishangul region of Northwestern Ethiopia. It draws on and critiques the analytical framework built by Boserup (1970) and further refined by Goody (1976), i.e., the type of farming technology a society uses determines its social organizational principles and defines gender roles and statuses. 112pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG.

The recent history of conflict in the Horn of Africa has led to large-scale population movements of refugees, returnees, internally displaced groups and demobilized soldiers. The context of drought and food insecurity in the mid-1980s and again in the early 2000s added a further rationale and impetus for organizing state-led resettlement programs. This book brings together for the first time studies of the different types of development, conflict and drought induced displacement in Ethiopia, and analyses the conceptual, methodological and experiential similarities, overlaps and differences between these various forms. 320pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

Booklet dealing with the involvement of the Third Sector in relief, rehabilitation and development activities in Ethiopia, with special emphasis on rural rehabilitation in the Tigray province. Refs, apps, 62pp, THE NETHERLANDS. KIT, 9068326732

Reveals an indigenous African democratic system where there is a distribution of authority and responsibility across various strata of society; where warriors are subordinated to deliberative assemblies; customary laws are revised periodically by a national convention; elected leaders are limited to a single eight-year term of office and are subjected to public review in the middle of their term. All these ideals and much more are enshrined in the five-century old constitution of the Oromo of Ethiopia, a study of which forms the subject of this book. 6 figs, 4 tables, app, bib, index, 282pp, USA. RED SEA PRESS.

At the end of the 19th Century, southern Ethiopia was one of the last areas to experience the Scramble for Africa`, as Emperor Menelik II sent his armies south to conquer and incorporate this territory into his empire. For almost hundred years, the peoples of southern Ethiopia had to live under the highly centralised rule of the Emperor and later that of the Marxist Dergue regime, but this changed in 1991, when a new constitution was proclaimed and all barriers of class, gender, ethnic affiliation, religion and place of birth were officially abolished. How can such a transformation to a new social order be achieved? What are its obstacles and what are its prospects? To answer this question it is indispensable to know how the culturally different peoples of Ethiopia remember their past, and what conceptions they entertain of each other. These essays try to address this issue. 417pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG.

An account of marginalised people in Ethiopia whose status in society is widespread and longstanding. People such as craft workers, hunters, blacksmiths and potters amongst others, who fulfil important roles in society, are considered not to be `real people' and will often be thought to hold supernatural powers. Illustrated with b/w photographs, Index, bib, notes, maps, xxvi, 394pp, UK. HURST, 1850656568

2003 Paperback

Focusing on ethnicity and its relation to conflict, this book goes beyond sterile debates about whether ethnic identities are natural or socially constructed. Rather, ethnic identity takes different forms. Some ethnic boundaries are perceived by the actors themselves as natural, while others are perceived to be permeable. The argument is substantiated through a comparative analysis of ethnic identity formation and ethnic conflict among the Anywaa and the Nuer in the Gambella region of western Ethiopia. The Anywaa and the Nuer are not just two ethnic groups but two kinds of ethnic groups. Conflicts between the Anywaa and Nuer are explained with reference to three variables: varying modes of identity formation, competition over resources and differential incorporation into the state system. 254pp, UK. BERGHAHN.

Most governments in Africa, seeing the political mobilisation of ethnicity as a threat, have rejected the use of ethnic differences as an explicit basis for political representation. The one prominent exception is Ethiopia, which since 1991 has imposed a system of ethnic-based federalism that offers each ethnic group the right of self-determination. This book provides a detailed empirical study of this system at work in the complex multiethnic environment of southern Ethiopia. It finds that ethnic self-rule, in combination with the power politics of an authoritarian regime, has produced both intended and unintended outomes. While arguably easing large-scale ethnic conflicts, it has led to ethnicisation of local socioeconomic disputes and to sharper inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic divides, often to the disadvantage of historically marginalised groups. 214pp, NETHERLANDS. E J BRILL.

Explores the social context of sex work in the city of Addis Ababa. It focuses on the social ties between sex workers and other categories of people: their family members, colleagues and neighbours, considering how these relationships are formed and affected as a result of women’s involvement in sex work. 152pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

This study deals with the many aspects of poverty and income distribution in Ethiopia. It analyses the determinants of poverty and how its conditions have changed in both rural and urban areas over time. Rural and urban poverty profiles and the dynamics of poverty are examined, measurements taken of consumption poverty are compared with individual perceptions of poverty, and an analysis is made of the distribution of intra household expenditure and the dynamics of income distribution. 200pp, SWEDEN. NORDIC AFRICA INSTITUTE.

2005 9171065261 Paperback

Poluha uses the specific case study of schoolchildren in Addis Ababa to examine a wider discussion of the reproduction of culture in Ethiopia. Contents Preface Theoretical Context Fieldwork Setting The World of School Children Practicing Culture Growing Up Into Hierarchy Learning Obedience, Respect and Control The Teaching Learning Process Gender, a Distinguishing and Stratifying Principle The Importance of 'Us', Categories of Belonging State People Relations in Ethiopia Continuity and Preconditions for Change. Index, refs, b/w photographs, 217pp, SWEDEN. NORDIC AFRICA INSTITUTE.

The last two decades have seen dramatic changes in Ethiopian higher education. System diversification, enrollment explosion, expansion in physical infrastructure, curricular overhaul and establishment of new types of institution - these are the areas of the most significant development in the sector. Nevertheless, it is the sharp decline in the quality of higher education that has been the subject of most concern for the academic community. This bilingual volume (Amharic and English) presents six of the essays which are the results of research by the Forum for Social Studies. 294pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

Scholars and researchers from Ethiopia and around the world examine socialism's aftermath and the reality of 'ethnic federalism' in Ethiopia today. Maps, b/w ill, notes, bib, index, xi, 306pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS, 0852554559

Documents recent research undertaken on dryland husbandry in the north-eastern region of Ethiopia. The research was tailored to benefit pastoralists and agro-pastoralists, community leader, extension agents, local government officials and experts: in short, to put local people first. 121pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

By combining sociological and political analyses with philosophical inquiries, the book attempts to explain how Ethiopia was driven into its current political and social position through various historical detours, delays, indecisions, and uprootedness. Bib, index, xxiii, 460pp. USA, RED SEA PRESS.

An ethnographic account of refugee repatriation looking at the refugee settlement of Ada Bai in Ethiopia. Challenging assumptions regarding repatriation and presumed home and homelands, the author analyses the relationship between person, community and place and how this impacts on refugee communities and their eventual repatriation. Index, bib, notes, b/w illus, 257pp, USA. CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS.

This book attempts to answer why a major conservation programme introduced and implemented in Ethiopia during the twenty years of the Derg regime failed to induce the changes in land use and management practices that it sought to bring about, and why it was not sustained by indigenous farmers. App, refs, index, xxxii, 347pp, USA. RED SEA PRESS.

A representative sample of the author's most influential papers and articles written and pub-lished over a period of three decades, 1967-1997. Together they represent a twentieth-century economic history of Ethiopia. Forewords by Befakadu Degefe and Bahru Zwede. BNS, 390pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

Focuses on chronic food insecurity currently prevalent among Ethiopia's urban poor. The study aims to provide insight into the state, impact and causes of food insecurity and responses to it through a case study of Lideta sub-city in Addis Ababa. 56pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

The impact of the now abandoned programme of villagization, such as the increase of distance from natural resources, the depletion of tree resources and the decline of socio economic and religious institutions. Tables, apps, 159pp, GERMANY. LIT VERLAG, 382582618X

A detailed study of the politics of production in Maale, during 1975, against a completed past of Imperial Ethiopian history and an uncertain future of revolutionary socialism. Index, bib, gloss, notes, b/w illus, diags, ix, 176pp, UK. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 0231100477

Essays about the lives, ideas and modes of social interaction of children in Ethiopia. Supported by Save the Children (Sweden and Norway), the essays are a collaboration between those bodies and the Department of Social Anthropology at Addis Ababa University. Contents: Conceptualizations of Children and Childhood: The Case of Kolfe and Semen Mazegaja, Addis Ababa; Growing up in Town and in the Countryside in Amhara Society; Continuity and Change in the Lives or Urban and Rural Children: The Case of Two Schools in SNNPR; Conceptualizations of Children and Childhood in Bishoftu, Oromia; and Children in Ethiopian Media and School Textbooks. 216pp, ETHIOPIA. FORUM FOR SOCIAL STUDIES.

The rapidly expanding population of youth gangs and street children is one of the most disturbing issues in many cities around the world. These children are per-ceived to be in a constant state of destitution, violence and vagrancy, and therefore must be a serious threat to society, needing heavy-handed intervention and tough love from concerned adults to impose societal norms on them and turn them into responsible citizens. However, such norms are far from the lived reality of these children. The situation is further complicated by gender-based violence and masculinist ideologies found in the wider Ethiopian culture, which influence the proliferation of youth gangs. By focusing on gender as the defining element of these children’s lives as they describe it in their own words this book offers a clear analysis of how the unequal and antagonistic gender relations that are tolerated and normalized by everyday school and family structures shape their lives at home and on the street. 186pp, UK. BERGHAHN.