Explores the dramatic contradiction inherent in the existence of massive genocide in a country that was considered by western aid agencies to be a model of development. The first part focuses on the 1990s and the dynamics of militarization and polarization that directly led to genocide. The second part deals with the profound, long-term structural basis upon which the genocidal edifice was built. Illus, bib, index. ix, 275pp. USA. KUMARIAN PRESS.

Places the political evolution of Rwanda and Burundi in the broader geopolitical context, and highlights the factors impeding progress towards peace and democracy. A4 format, notes, 25pp, SWEDEN. NORDIC AFRICA INSTITUTE, 9171064834

Rwanda has experienced environmental problems and depletion of natural resources, especially over the last two decades. This is the consequence of over-population, land scarcity, poverty, war and human resettlement. This study shows that the development of different laws and regulations governing the environment has not inferred success in the conservation of resources and protection of the environment, as evidenced in the number of environmentally degraded areas in various sectors throughout the country. Also makes policy recommendations for better environmental management and protection. 66pp, ETHIOPIA. OSSREA.

A study of the importance of sport in colonial endeavours looking in particular at the Rwandan cultural practice of gusimbuka or `Tutsi high jumping' and the implica-tions in understanding the workings of the Western gaze. Index, bib, notes, b/w illus, xxx, 277pp, UK. UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS.

In pre colonial Rwandan culture, the body and the organisations of the universe were thought of in terms of the flow and blockage of fluids such as milk, honey, rain and blood. The author identifies this primary image schema in Rwandan popular concepts of the body and cosmology, exposing the correlation between local healing and global political economy. Index, bib, notes, apps, b/w illus, xiv, 257pp, USA. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE.

1992 1560981040 Hardback

An exploration of Rwanda's struggle for change and the life of president Paul Kagame, who embodies the new Rwandan political philosophy. The author reassesses Kagame's leadership in the context of Rwanda's recent history and discusses the impact of the Rwandan Patriotic Front, genocide, Western intervention, and reconciliation on Rwanda and on the political development of its president. Includes a chapter on the history of the Banyarwanda people and a glossary of words in Kinyarwanda. Index, notes, b/w illus, map, 254pp, USA. McFARLAND & COMPANY.

Analysis of the conflict resolution efforts in Rwanda, with implications for other contexts. Notes, bib, index, ix, 208pp, USA. RIENNER, 1555879942

2001 hardback

Now in paperback. A profound rethinking of the intersection of news, art and understanding in the contemporary depiction of war and disaster, from Goya's `The Disasters of War' to Bosnia, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Israel and Palestine. 117pp, UK. PENGUIN.

Demonstrates that the post-genocide regime in Rwanda was able to impose a simple but persuasive account of Central Africa's crises upon international commentators new to the region, and explains the ideological underpinnings of this official narrative. Shows that this misleading analysis led to policy errors that exacerbated the original crisis. Includes a list of abbreviations. Bib, index, notes, app, BNS, 3 maps, xiii, 264pp, UK. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 0521528739

Examines the role that the military has played throughout the history of Rwanda to date. Argues that, not precluding any political expediencies, it is the military that has played the most central sociopolitical role in what became Rwanda from when no slave trader could tread its soil, to its zenith during the 1994 genocide. Takes stock of the history that led to the Inyenzi guerrilla movement in the 1960s, the Rwanda Patriotic Front and Army in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and the current Rwanda Defence Forces (RDF). Maps, b/w illus, 244pp, UGANDA. FOUNTAIN PUBLISHERS.

Focuses on societies and Kingdoms from the 17th to the 19th centuries, when militarisation and cattle accentuated social cleavages. Chronology, 11 maps, index, bib, refs, 294pp, in French, FRANCE. KARTHALA, 2845861451

Rwanda's northwest region has become the stage for sustained clashes between insurgents, organised and led by the former army and the Rwandese Patriotic Front. Based on interviews with former military and civilian insurgents, survivors of the violence, residents of the northwest, local government and RPA soldiers, this volume documents a cross section of incidents and attempts to understand their political and social context. Illustrated with b/w photographs. Maps, 426pp, UK. AFRICAN RIGHT.

1998 1899477276 Paperback