Contributors argue that African states need to rethink defence strategies premised on the limited danger of invasion by other states. They propose eight alternatives, each more cost effective and ethical than the orthodox deterrence option, arguing that security is not simply a military responsibility. Tables, 212pp, SOUTH AFRICA. INSTITUTE FOR SECURITY STUDIES.

2004 1919913610 Paperback

A collection of country case studies about state collapse, insurgency, political emergencies and the origins of conflict by leading experts in their field. Topics include the Eritrean People's Liberation Front, the Tigray People's Liberation Front, the Sudan People's Liberation Front, the National Resistance Army in Uganda, the Holy Spirit Movement of Alice Lakwena, the Rwandan Patriotic Front, Liberia's warlord insurgency, and the Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone. Index, bib, map, xiii, 208pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

At the centre of many of Africa's violent conflicts are movements that do not seem to fit any established theories of armed resistance. This collection offers new models for understanding these movements, eschewing one-dimensional explanations. The essays build on the insights provided in Christopher Clapham's groundbreaking work. They find a new generation of fighters, one that reflects rage against the machinery of a dysfunctional state. Their analysis of this phenomenon, combining thematic chapters and a range of representative case studies, is a crucial contribution to any effort to understand Africa's war-torn societies. 273pp, USA. LYNNE RIENNER.

Many modern day Armed Forces in Africa have become so politicised that several countries are today ruled or have been ruled by military dictators through coups d'etat. This book traces the historical and political evolution of these events, and what bodes for Africa, where the unending military incursions into partisan politics are concerned. Index, bib, notes, 215pp, USA. PALGRAVE, 0312238932

Now in paperback. The history of Africa's armies from the pre colonial to the post colonial looking at their roles in the formation of African states and the role they must play in the future. Illustrated with b/w photographs. Index, notes, refs, viii, 328pp, USA. WESTVIEW.

Now in paperback. Howe analyses the security dilemmas currently facing the continent. Chapters cover changing security patterns, military unprofessionalism, security predicaments and restoring the civil military divide. Case studies focus on ECOMOG, Executive Outcomes and the African Crisis Initiative. Index, bib, acronyms and abbrev, notes, xi, 315pp, USA. LYNNE RIENNER.

A first hand account of the work of the Executive Outcomes, a private military company working in Angola and Sierra Leone. The narratives describes action at Soyo and Cacolo and the capture of the diamond mines at Cafunto. Notes, 256pp, UK. HARPERCOLLINS PUBLISHERS, 000711916X

2003, 2002 Paperback

This volume details the dismal impact war has had on the African people over the past five hundred years, from slavery days, the Zulu War, World Wars I and II, to the horrific civil wars following decolonization and the genocide in Rwanda. Chapters provide a representative range of civilian experiences during wartime in Africa extending from the late eighteenth century to the present, representing every region of Africa except North Africa. Index, gloss, maps, photos, 312pp, USA. GREENWOOD PRESS.

This volume critically engages with the phenomenon of civil militias in Africa, especially the nature of threats and challenges they pose to national and human security. It questions why the African political scene is increasingly inundated with the activities of civil militias, examines the socio-political and economic conditions that trigger and/or encourage and sustain the operations of civil militias, and investigates the dominant motivations of African civil militias. Countries covered include: Uganda, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Rwanda and the Sudan. Index, bib, notes, 300p, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS.

An outline history of the military takeovers of the governments of Nigeria, Ghana, Zaire, Sierra?Leone, Togo, Benin, Libya, Mali, Central African Republic, Sudan, Uganda, Somali Republic, Mauritania, Ethiopia, Liberia, Niger Republic amongst others. Index, bib, ix, 180pp, NIGERIA. FOURTH DIMENSION.

A study of five African states, the Congo, Benin, Uganda, Niger and Togo and the role of the military in government. Index, notes, bib, xvii, 366pp, USA. YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 0300040458

The formation of the African Union in 2002 reaffirmed the commitment of African political elites to foster a peaceful and safe continent, a commitment fleshed out through the creation of the African Security Council. Later, an African Stand-by Force was established, with the intention of intervening in conflicts and offering civil protection. Against this background, the studies in this book reflect on the current situation as regards defence, military and human security across the African continent. 96pp, SOUTH AFRICA. AFRICA INSTITUTE OF SOUTH AFRICA.

2005 0798301945 Paperback

Operating from outside their homelands, exile armies have been an understudied phenomenon in history and international politics. This collection of essays covers the experiences of many exiled forces including South African exile armies in the anti-apartheid struggle and the multiple armies in the Great Lakes region. BNS, 240pp, UK. PALGRAVE/MACMILLAN, 0333945646

A comprehensive study providing an overview and examining a military tradition that ranges from the highly sophisticated electronic, air and armour fighting between South Africa and Angola-Cuban forces, to the spears and machetes of the Rwandan genocide. Maps, notes, chron, bib, index, 235pp, UK. UCL PRESS.

A series of case studies which investigate the impact of military style governance on the new democracies and on people's expectation of their leaders. African countries studied are Algeria, the Congo, Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and South Africa. Index, refs, tables, xii, 340pp, UK. ZED BOOKS.

New in paperback. Argues that most civilian suffering in war is deliberate and always has been: massacres, rape, displacement, famine and disease are usually designed. The principle that unarmed and innocent people should be protected in war is an ancient, precious but fragile idea. Today, the principle of civilian immunity is enshrined in modern international law, but, in practice, leaders in most wars reject the principle. Using detailed historical and contemporary examples, including extensive African references, this book looks how civilians suffer in wars and analyses the main anti-civilian ideologies which insist upon such suffering. It also exposes the very real ambiguity in much civilian identity which is used to justify extreme hostility. Index, notes, 319pp, UK. HURST.

A comprehensive assessment of the many different manifestations and consequences of the mercenary trade in Africa, bringing together an international array of authors who are both for and against the presence of private military companies/mercenaries on the continent. Issues addressed include state decay, regional control, human rights, and the OAU. Index, apps, notes, tables, xv, 334pp, UK. PLUTO PRESS.

An evaluation of military intervention in African politics examining the various aspects of the involvement of the military as governors in the politics of Africa states. Index, notes, refs, xii, 221pp, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS, 0754618765

A comparative view on contemporary military business, and the impact on civil military relations, good governance, and international development policies. Case studies include the role of the armed forces in Congo Kinshasa, Indonesia, Russia, and Vietnam. BNS, 240pp, UK. PALGRAVE, 0333999282

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) Research Report No.17. Using a combination of interviews and analysis of official documents, this study examines the availability and reliability of official military expenditure data for six countries. Index, apps, x, 148pp, UK. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Does the withdrawal of armies from direct rule in most countries herald an end to their role as actors in domestic politics? Has political intervention by the military been superseded? There are essays on Algeria, Nigeria and Ethiopia/Eritrea and ten non-African essays. Boxes, tables, notes, bib, index 416pp, UK. ZED BOOKS, 1856499804

In conflict zones across the world, the rules of war are changing dramatically as the distinctions between battlefield and home, soldier and civilian, state security and domestic security break down. The contributors to this volume bring the highly gendered and racialised dimensions of these changes into sharp relief and describe what happens when the body, household, nation, state and economy become sites at which violence is invoked against people. African countries studied include Ghana, South Africa and the Sudan. Index, refs, notes, maps, x, 361pp, USA. CALIFORNIA U P, 0520230728

After a general overview of the role of the rule of law in a democratic society, there are five case studies on vigilantes in East African pastoral societies, anti-crime groups in Nigerian cities, private policing initiatives in South Africa, the state responses of the Uganda Defence forces to the Lord's Resistance Army and the Senegalese army to the Casamance secessionists. BNS, 235pp, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS, 0754618846

Part of a two volume set which builds upon previous World Bank research into the causes and characteristics of civil war onset. This volume considers the variables identified in the Collier-Hoeffler model and applies them to a set of case studies from a range of African countries, and then goes on to trace the process of conflict escalation in order to draw conclusions as to why civil war is likely to occur. The publication seeks to advance theoretical and empirical knowledge of civil war, in order to help further the objective of developing appropriate policy interventions. 400pp, USA. WORLD BANK PUBLICATIONS.

Moving forward from the failure of the earlier, typically idealistic Africa unity project, David Francis demonstrates how peace and security challenges have created the imperative for change. He argues that a series of regional peace and security systems are emerging, and that states that have participated in practical experiments in regional peacekeeping, peace support operations, conflict stabilization/management and preventive diplomacy are building de facto systems of peace and security that could be institutionalised and extended. 296pp, UK. ASHGATE PUBLISHERS.

A study of political reconfiguration, arguing that the end of the Cold War as a particular configuration of the international state system changed the nature of sovereignty in Africa. Focuses on Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Zaire/Congo, showing how rulers hold on to power amidst collapsing economies and disappearing bureaucracies. Bib, index, xii, 256pp, USA. LYNNE RIENNER.

Reprint of title first issued in 1972. Explores three categories of war: civil war, anti-colonial war, and war between European powers and selects examples from Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rhodesia (colonial Zimbabwe) and South Africa. Notes, index, xi, 268pp, UK. FRANK CASS, 0714640093