Includes chapters from leading scholars in this field, including William Schabas, René Lemarchand, Linda Melvern, Kalypso Nicolaïdis and Jennifer Welsh, along with senior government and non-government officials involved in matters related to Rwanda and transitional justice, including Hassan Bubacar Jallow (Prosecutor of the UN International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda), Martin Ngoga (Prosecutor General of the Republic of Rwanda) and Luis Moreno Ocampo (Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court). The book also contains an unprecedented debate between Rwandan President Paul Kagame and René Lemarchand on post-genocide memory and governance in Rwanda. 399pp, UK. HURST.

Extensive anthropological study of the brick and tile industries of Rwanda provide a microcosm to examine the transformation of gender, class and power relations before and after the genocide of 1994. Index, notes, appendices, maps, tables, b/w photographs, bib, 162pp, UK. STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK.

New and fully updated in paperback. An example of investigative journalism revealing the full story behind the genocide, detailing the involvement of world governments whose responses ranged from complicity to apathy. The author shows how the killers outmanoeuvred the Security Council and led the UN peacekeepers into a deadly trap. Index, maps, 384pp, UK. VERSO.

An account of Father Hormisdas' involvement in the killings in the Parish of Nyanza in Butare, using witness statements of survivors and his former staff. 43pp, UK. AFRICAN RIGHTS.

2001 189947739X A4 spiralbound

In 1994 the authors were evacuated from Rwanda as the genocide which would last a hundred days and kill over a million people began. This volume marks the fifth anniversary of the terror and is told by the people who survived. Historical and political analysis is balanced by testimonies from the speakers at the Conference held to mark the anniversary and to understand the impact of the tragedy and the failure of the world to respond adequately to the genocide. Index, bib, gloss, notes, 201pp, USA. HOWARD UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Provides a variety of perspectives through which to assess the complex questions and issues surrounding the role of Christian churches during the Rwanda Genocide. Raises unsettling questions: Why did the churches allow clerics to preach ethnic hatred? Did the Church protect, reprimand, punish, excommunicate their adherents clergy, religious, and lay who were genocidaires before, during, and after the 1994 genocide? Index, bib, videography, apps, 319pp, USA. PARAGON HOUSE.

'The eyes of your assassin. They stay in your mind's eye until death'. For thirteen days in April 1994, Rurangwa hid in silence with his family in a tiny cabin on the side of a mountain until they were finally hunted down by their Hutu neighbours. In minutes, 43 members of his family were massacred before his eyes. Rurangwa alone escaped, missing a hand and an eye. He was eventually rescued and sent to Switzerland by a relief organisation. In this extraordinary memoir he recounts his experience as a 'survivor uprooted' in exile, and attempts to confront the 'enigmatic power of evil' which has so blighted his life. Translated from the French by Anna Brown. 120pp, UK. REPORTAGE PRESS.

2003 SPIRALBOUND A4 REPORT

A Ghanaian peacekeeper in Rwanda describes his experiences of the chaos there, drawing lessons for the UN and other peacekeeping operations. Col illus, 131pp, GHANA. WOELI PUBLISHING SERVICES.

1997 9964978162 Paperback

'The most outstanding contribution to the anthropology of Rwanda during the 1980s and 1990s' (Jan Vansina). Sometimes called the Land of a Thousand Hills, Rwanda has witnessed upheavals of massive proportions. Looking at the people of one hill community, Danielle de Lame shows how they coped with unprecedented change during the twilight years of Rwanda's Second Republic. In a meticulously researched study focusing on the late 1980s and early 1990s, de Lame situates this rural community, located at the heart of the Kibuye prefecture, within the larger context of Rwandan history and society. In this country without villages, it is the networks of kinship, administration, and commerce that create complex patterns of solidarity and dependency. De Lame reveals these patterns in all their intricacy, and her treatment of the region and its rhythms speaks at the same time to the economics of production, the inequalities of power, and the dynamics of social transformation. The ultimate goal of her work is to restore the individuality of the people she studied. BNS, 540pp, BELGIUM. ROYAL MUSEUM FOR CENTRAL AFRICA.

An estimated twenty thousand children were born of rapes that occurred during the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Fifteen years later, the mothers of these children still face enormous challenges, among them, being stigmatised within their communities for bearing a child fathered by a Hutu militiaman. Over the past three years, photographer Jonathan Torgovnik has made repeated visits to Rwanda to document the experiences of these women, allowing them to tell their stories. The portraits and testimonies featured here offer intensely personal accounts of these survivors experiences of the genocide, as well as their conflicted feelings about raising a child who is a reminder of horrors endured. Includes a DVD produced by MediaStorm featuring interviews with the women from the photographs. 144pp, USA. APERTURE.

Account by United States ambassador to Rwanda between 1995 and 1999, this account draws on his thirty years of diplomatic experience in the region to analyze U.S. perceptions of Rwanda in the years before the genocide and to recount the unfolding of the terrible event itself. Describes how the new government and people of Rwanda, together with their international partners, confronted devastation, picked up the pieces, and began to forge a new nation. Index, bib, apps, glossary, 340pp, USA. iUNIVERSE.COM, INC.

Interviews with fourteen survivors of the Rwanda genocide. Of all ages, coming from different walks of life, from orphan teenage farmers to the local social worker, they talk of the genocide, the death of family and friends in the church and in the marshes of Bugesera to which they fled. They also talk of their present life and try to explain and understand the reasons behind the extermination. These horrific accounts of life at the very edge contrast with Hatzfeld's own vivid descriptions of Rwanda's villages and countryside in peacetime. B/w photos, 176pp, UK. SERPENT'S TAIL.

When a Rwandan news broadcaster was arrested by the government, Amnesty International and Reporters Sans Frontieres jumped to his defence, presenting his case as an example of political terror against journalists. According to this report, they did not investigate the charge against him of rape and mutilation, which abundant testimony suggests was probably justified. African Rights censures the organisations for hasty and ill-considered action, and a disregard for the rights of genocide victims. 46pp, UK. AFRICAN RIGHTS.

1997 1899477128 A4 Pamphlet

Odom assisted the U.S. ambassador and served as the principal military advisor on Rwanda to the U.S. Department of Defence and National Security Council throughout his time in Rwanda. This book candidly reveals Odom's frustration with Washington as his predictions that a larger war was coming were ignored. Index, notes, b/w photos, 297pp, USA. TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY PRESS.

New in paperback. Fujii's extensive interviews in Rwandan prisons and two rural communities form the basis for her claim that mass participation in the genocide was not the result of ethnic antagonisms. Rather, the social context of action was critical. Strong group dynamics and established local ties shaped patterns of recruitment for and participation in the genocide. This web of social interactions bound people to power holders and killing groups. 224pp, USA. CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Unusual and compelling response to the Rwandan genocide by the leading Chilean artist. Col ill, large format, SPAIN. ACTAR.

2001 8489698449 Paperback

Examines the implications of external, humanitarian intervention in the Rwandan genocide, woith the aim of extracting lessons for future crises. Notes, index, xii, 162pp, USA. BROOKINGS, 0815700857

The news media played a crucial role in the 1994 Rwanda genocide: local media fuelled the killings, while the international media either ignored or seriously misunderstood what was happening. This is the first book to explore both sides of the media equation. Examining how local radio was used as a tool of hate, encouraging neighbours to turn against each other, the book also presents a critique of international media coverage. Bringing together local reporters, high-profile Western journalists and leading media theorists, this is the only book to identify the extent of the media's accountability. It also examines deliberations by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda on the role of the media in the genocide. 480pp, UK. PLUTO PRESS.

In the spring of 1994, eight-hundred thousand Rwandan Tutsis and Moderate Hutus were killed in a horrific genocide. One Hundred Days of Silence is a scathing look at the challenges of humanitarian intervention, the history of U.S. policy toward the 1994 Rwanda genocide, and the role of genocide in the larger context of strategic studies. It looks at the principal questions of what the U.S. knew, and why it didn't intervene, and how non-intervention was justified within the American bureaucracy. 232pp, USA. ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS.

New in paperback. Argues that many of the widely held beliefs about the causes and course of genocide in Rwanda are incomplete. They focus largely on the actions of the ruling elite or the inaction of the international community. Considerably less is known about how and why elite decisions became widespread exterminatory violence. Provides substantial new evidence about local patterns of violence, using original research, including the most comprehensive surveys yet undertaken among convicted perpetrators, to assess competing theories about the causes and dynamics of the genocide. Index, apps, 288pp, USA. CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS.

A Rwandan author shows that a culture of hatred was promoted by radio and TV media, and that the state, through its army was directly responsible for preparing the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, two years before it took place. 230pp, USA. HUMANITY.

An analysis of the decade (1986-97) that brackets the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Contains both a narrative account of that event and a re-examination of the inter-national role in addressing humanitarian issues and complex emergencies. Maps, notes, bib, index, xxi, 414pp, UK. TRANSACTION PUBLISHERS.

Second edition. Based on interviews and investigative journalism, the author reveals how world powers failed to prevent or halt the killing of one million people in Rwanda in 1994, describing negligence as well as complicity on the part of the international community. Index, sources, apps, maps, 384pp, UK. ZED BOOKS.

Based on thorough ethnographic fieldwork in a refugee camp in Tanzania this book provides a rich account of the benevolent disciplining mechanisms of humanitarian agencies, led by the UNHCR, and of the situated, dynamic, indeterminate, and fluid nature of identity (re)construction in the camp. While the refugees are expected to behave as innocent, helpless victims, the question of victimhood among Burundian Hutu is increasingly challenged, following the 1993 massacres in Burundi and the Rwandan genocide. The book explores how different groups within the camp apply different strategies to cope with these issues and how the question of innocence and victimhood is itself imbued with ambiguity, as young men struggle to recuperate their masculinity and their political subjectivity. 185pp, UK. BERGHAHN BOOKS.

After the Holocaust, the victorious Allies pledged 'Never Again' to genocide. This promise, enshrined in the UN Convention on Genocide, stipulates a responsibility to try and prevent genocide or mitigate the suffering of its victims in the future. The book analyses what this responsibility might entail by asking the following questions: To what extent can external actors, such as the French Government, be held responsible for not preventing or not suppressing genocide, and how can this responsibility be evaluated? Why almost fifty years after the Genocide Convention did outsiders remain passive whilst Hutu extremists perpetrated genocide against the Tutsi minority and Hutu moderates in Rwanda? How can French government responsibility be evaluated in the light of its actions/inaction? What was France's role? The book explores the historical and contextual background of the Rwandan genocide and French involvement in Africa. Index, bib, apps, 330pp, UK. HURST.

A consideration of genocide in the twentieth century looking at the Armenian and Jewish genocides in particular. Using this historical context the author then considers the Rwandan Genocide and looks at why the world community was slow to respond to the events in Rwanda. Index, notes, app, map, x, 92pp, UK. PLUTO PRESS.

Second edition. Places the Rwandese catastrophe in the context of supreme genocidal acts such as the Nazi holocaust where the author believes it belongs. Argues that the killings were part of a carefully orchestrated plan, not the result of bloodlust and ancestral hatreds but a grotesque act of political mass murder. Revised edition with an additional chapter. Gloss, bib, index, 421pp, UK. HURST.

An expanded 1995 edition drawing on additional research in Rwanda, with additional information on events in the south and west up to 14.9.95.: a thorough analysis with chapters on the roots of conflict, the preparations and the people responsible for the massacres, the first days of the killings, media intimidation, confusions and cover ups, the unknown death count and ethnic cleansing, death camps, churches and hospitals, women and children, the killers, resistance, the RPF, international reaction. 1201pp, index, UK.

Now available, an updated and corrected edition, with index: a study of newsprint and radio journalism in Rwanda from 1990 to 1994. Explains how the state encouraged extremist media and the politics of ethnic hatred. French text. KARTHALA, 2865376214

1995 1899477055 Paperback

Discusses the story of her ancient ethnicity, weaving into her narrative the dramatic events which make up Rwandan history from independence to the present day. While the Tutsi are again an integral part of the Rwandan nation, along with the Hutu and Twa, Mujawiyera seeks an answer to a very fundamental question: why did an entire ethnicity become the object of attempted physical extermination at the end of the Twentieth Century? Index, bib, 116pp, UK. ADONIS & ABBEY PUBLISHERS LTD.

This book paints in recent history in Rwanda: the unexpurgated story of a young woman reliving the horrors of the massacre, the dialogues between strangers meeting across the past, and Tadjo's own reflections. Her prose alternates between raw and poetic, but always remains discreet, respectful and dignified. The one thing that comes through her narrative voice is a ray of hope. This book reaches beyond the Rwandan conflict, reflects on violence and humanity with witness accounts and portrays guilt and innocence and promotes values of tolerance, peace and reconciliation. 144pp, UK. HEINEMANN AFRICAN WRITERS SERIES

Written by the UN Secretary General's Special Representative in Rwanda in the mid nineties, this is the first account of the crisis in Rwanda by a major player charged with containing and resolving the disaster. Shows how the UN works on the ground and at headquarters and explores the problems of peacekeeping. For-ward by Mary Robinson. Index, Map, 16 b/w photos, bib, xi, 228pp, UK. I B TAURIS.

Lt. Gen. Dallaire was commander of the UN mission to Rwanda in 1994. This is his account of the Rwandan genocide, highlighting the trauma of that experience and critiquing the significant failure of the outside world to halt the genocide. Index, gloss, maps, xviii, 562pp, UK. ARROW.

The massacre of 1 million Rwandan Tutsis by ethnic Hutus in 1994 has become a symbol of the international community's helplessness in the face of human rights atrocities. It is assumed that the West was well-intentioned, but ultimately ineffectual. But, as Andrew Wallis reveals in this shocking book, one country - France - was secretly providing military, financial and diplomatic support to the genocidaires all along. Based on new interviews with key players and eye-witnesses, and previously unreleased documents, Wallis' book tells a story which many have suspected, but never seen set out before. This riveting expose of the French role in one of the darkest chapters of human history will provoke furious debate, denials, and outrage. 224pp, UK. IB TAURIS.

In two acclaimed previous works, the noted French journalist Jean Hatzfeld offered a profound, harrowing witness to the unimaginable pain and horror in the mass killings of one group of people by another in Rwanda. Here he talks with both the Hutus and Tutsis he’d come to know some of the killers who had been released from prison or returned from Congolese exile, and the Tutsi escapees who must now tolerate them as neighbours. How are they managing with the process of reconciliation? In their hearts is it possible? The enormously varied and always surprising answers he gets suggest that the political ramifications of the international commu-nitys efforts to insist on resolution after these murderous episodes are incalculable. 256pp, UK. SERPENT'S TAIL.

This is the first analysis of the 1994 genocide written by a Rwandan national. Kimanuka examines Rwanda's survival from being a failed state, looking at how leaders' bold decisions and the commitment of the Rwandan people led to reform programs and economic recovery. Kimanuka also engages in a wider conversation of Africa's general development challenges and future. 192pp, UK. PALGRAVE.

Interviews with nine Hutu killers, all of whom are now in prison, some awaiting execution. Hatzfeld elicits extraordinary testimony from these men about the genocide they perpetrated. Each describes what it was like the first time he killed someone, what he felt like when he killed a mother and child, and how he reacted when he killed a cordial acquaintance. Each reflects on his feelings of moral responsibility, his guilt, remorse, or indifference to the events. Hatzfeld suggests that such actions are within the realm of ordinary human conduct. 238pp, UK. SERPENT'S TAIL.

Contextualises the Rwandan genocide by surfacing the historical, geographical, and political forces that made it possible for so many Hutu to turn on their neighbours. Mamdani finds answers in the nature of the political identities generated during colonialism, in the failures of the nationalist revolution to transcend these identities, and in regional demographic and political currents that reach well beyond Rwanda. In so doing, he broadens understandings of citizenship and political identity in post?colonial Africa. Map, notes, bib, index, xvi, 364pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

An indictment of a Rwandan killer alleged to have murdered tens of thousands of people during the 1994 genocide. It also criticises the indecisiveness of the United Nations in tolerating the presence of such people in the refugee camps in Zaire and giving them protection to continue their crimes. B/w and colour photographs. 76pp, UK. AFRICAN RIGHTS.

1997 189947714 A4 Pamphlet

A study that puts into dialogue testimonies, literary fictions, and cinematic representations bearing witness to the genocide of the Tutsis in Rwanda. The analysis of the narrative strategies used by survivors, authors, and filmmakers in their attempt to fulfil the duty to remember leads Dauge-Roth to explore the roles that communities and individuals must play in acknowledging survivors' radically different past and their present quest for a shared humanity. 304pp, USA. LEXINGTON BOOKS.