In 1998 David Kruiper, the leader of the Khomani San who today live in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa, lamented, “We have been made into nothing.” His comment applies equally to the fate of all the hunter-gatherer societies of the Cape Colony who were destroyed by the impact of European colonialism. Until relatively recently, the extermination of the Cape San peoples has been treated as little more than a footnote to South African narratives of colonial conquest. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Dutch-speaking pastoralists who infiltrated the Cape interior dispossessed its aboriginal inhabitants. In response to indigenous resistance, colonists formed mounted militia units known as commandos with the express purpose of destroying San bands. This ensured the virtual extinction of the Cape San peoples. In this study, Mohamed Adhikari examines the history of the San and persuasively presents the annihilation of Cape San society as a case of genocide. 120pp, USA. OHIO U P.

Explores the complex relationship between the Khoekhoe, the British empire, and the London Missionary Society in the Cape Colony in southern Africa at a time of intense conflict during which disparate groups competed to mobilize Christianity for their own political ends. Focusing on the period between the arrival of the first LMS missionaries and the conclusion of the 1850-53 frontier war, Elbourne traces the transition from religion to race as the basis for policing the boundaries of the 'white' community. Emphasizing Christianity's status as a religion of world empire, she explores how Christianity provided opportunities for locals but also contributed to their subjugation through ideological justification of imperial expansion. Index, bib, notes, 499pp, CANADA. MCGILL-QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY PRESS.

The author explores how the conceptualisation of black Africans as savage, sub human and as the external Other, influenced the conceptual framing of the UK's underclass of women, the poor and the Irish within a growing capitalist ideology. This study shows how South Africa in particular provided a terrain for racial, class and gender struggles in England. Index, refs, 222pp, USA. CHICAGO U P, 0226501779

Now in paperback. The story of an eighteenth century shipwreck and what befell the ship's castaways on the Wild Coast of South Africa, hundreds miles from any European settlement. Using new research, the author describes the people that first found them the Bomvava and unravels the mystery of those who fled, and those who stayed in South Africa. Illustrated with colour plates. Index, notes, sources, 297pp, UK. FABER AND FABER.

A social history of medicine in the Cape, which places formal Western medicine within its political, social and economic context. The work shows the way in which the Cape medical profession excluded all but a few omen and black practitioners, and discriminated along lines of race, class and gender in their practice. It revises traditional whiggish and linear accounts of professional advancement, but it also moves beyond the classic revisionist tradition, which documents the emergence of a society divided along lines of race and gender, by providing examples of cultural crossover and medical pluralism. Index, bib, 318pp, BNS, NETHERLANDS. RODOPI.

Vendaland was the last part of South Africa to be converted to Christianity by white missionar-ies. In the 1860s, a number of Tshivenda-speaking Christians were living there. They had been converted to Christianity while working as migrant labourers in the Cape Colony or Natal. On returning home, they tried to keep their new faith alive, sometimes by blending elements of Christianity with traditional religions. When the Berlin Missionaries arrived they refused to accept this independent local initiative. In addition to attempting to convert heathens, they set out to bring these previously-converted Christians under their control. This work examines the experiences of local Christians as well as missionary recorders; their training in Germany and the ways in which they attempted to make sense of the landscape and its inhabitants textually and iconographically. Index, bib, b/w plates, 318pp, SOUTH AFRICA. PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

A look at South African history before the mineral age, in particular the years of British rule up to the 1850s. Whereas earlier historians saw the apartheid state emerging from forces unleashed by the mineral revolution, Keegan argues that its roots lie in the period of integration into the free trade colonial empire. 'The scholarship is meticulous, the judgements judicious and sharp...quite simply a tour de force.' Shula Marks, Professor the History of Southern Africa, London University. LEICESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS.

The story of Nongqawuse, the young girl whose fantastic promise of the resurrection of the dead lured almost an entire people to death by starvation. The Great Cattle Killing, initiated by her, is one of the most misunderstood of central events in Xhosa and South African history. 348pp, 23 illus. . JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

In 1799 four missionaries, two English and two Dutch, arrived at the Cape, having been sent out by the London Missionary Society. Although mission work by the Moravians had begun some time before, this meant the commencement of large scale mission work in South Africa. This book consists of 17 essays, several in Afrikaans, describing the life and work of a number of missionaries, mission assistants and artisans, native agents, catechists and lay helpers. The subjects are mainly Dutch and indigenous mission workers in the service of the LMS and their work among the slave population of the Cape Colony and the inhabitants of the Orange River area beyond the northern frontier of the Colony. Index, bib, chronolgy, 272pp, SOUTH AFRICA. PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

A survey of white contact in the Free State from the end of the eighteenth century to 1846 and the written accounts left by the first white settlers. Includes the texts of eleven of these settlers, translated from Dutch, German and French. Index, maps, sources, notes, 181pp, SOUTH AFRICA. PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

Descriptions of slaves and incidents affecting their lives in the Cape, during the period from the second British occupation of the Cape in 1806 to the proclamation of freedom in 1834. Index, bib, endnotes, b/w photographs & illus, vii, 168pp, SOUTH AFRICA. DAVID PHILIP.

Now in paperback. Looks at the myth of the liberal regime in colonial British Cape Colony and reveals that the British were every bit a racist as their Boer neighbours. Index, illus, statistics, maps, 279pp, UK. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

In South African history, the Eastern Cape frontier has been traditionally regarded as the pre-eminent zone of contact between colonists and indigenes. But there was an earlier frontier in the history of the country where the conflict between Dutch colonists and indigenous herders and hunters, the Khoi and San (Hottentots and Bushmen), was in many ways more decisive in its outcome, more brutal and violent in its manner, and just as significant in its effects on later South African history. 352pp, SOUTH AFRICA. DOUBLE STOREY BOOKS.

2006 9781770130265 Paperback

Examines how the forces of race and class were expressed in gendered ways in colonial Natal, and focuses on how white men established their dominance and constructed their masculinity. 26 b/w ill, notes, bib, index, 322pp, SOUTH AFRICA. UNISA PRESS.

Gandhi dated his nonviolence to the occasion when he was thrown off a train in Pietermaritzburg because of his colour. This collection of essays looks at his South African experience. Index, notes, 131pp, SOUTH AFRICA. UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL PRESS.

In 1826 a group of emigrants from Griquatown under Adam Kok II was allowed to settle at the mission station of Philippolis in the Transgariep. Basing his account on contemporary sources, the author describes the rise, development and collapse of the Philippolis Captaincy, and gives a detailed account of its organisation and administration. Index, notes, b/w illus, 308pp, SOUTH AFRICA. PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

The only surviving mission outpost of the London Missionary Society established for the San peoples in the vicinity of the Orange River, Philippolis became the capital of a Griqua Captaincy after Adam Kok II and his followers settled there in 1826. This book covers the first fifteen years of mission work there, the establishment of Christianity among the scattered inhabitants of the area and the tentative development of the new Griqua polity, through extracts from the letters and journals of missionaries serving there. Index, chronology, 142pp, SOUTH AFRICA . PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

Argues that guns and discussions about guns during the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nine-teenth centuries were fundamentally important to the establishment of racial discrimination in South Africa. Relying mainly on materials held in archives and libraries in Britain and South Africa, Storey explains the workings of the gun trade and the technological development of the firearms. He relates the history of firearms to ecological, political, and social changes, showing that there is a close relationship between technology and politics in South Africa. Index, bib, 378pp, UK. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

New in paperback. In 1994, in one of the first acts of cultural reparation when the African National Congress came to power, Nelson Mandela requested that France release Sara Baartman's remains. Such is the resonance of the 'Hottentot Venus' story, such is the significance of her place in history, that when the remains were eventually returned in April 2002, the funeral service was a national event. Two hundred years earlier, the young Saartjie Baartman had been persuaded by a Dutch man and an English doctor in Cape Town to go with them to England to seek fame and fortune for all three. The fame and the fortune was to come from Saartjie's body - 'Hottentot' women were figures of exotic excess and the three hatched a plan for Saartjie to perform in shows which would be extravaganzas of titillation and exoticism. Index, notes, col illus, 239pp, UK. BLOOMSBURY.

Many were filled with hopes as high as Mahjoub's stars as they crossed the kala pani (the sea) making their way from India to Durban in southern Africa in the late 1800s. But dreams of a better life and the opportunity to save money and return to the village as 'success stories' were not to be for many who returned 'home' with less than they had started out with, and found that home was no longer the place they had left. Neither were they the same people. Caste had been transgressed, parents had died and spaces for reintegration closed as colonialism tightened its grip. Home for these wandering exiles was no more. This is a timely and monumental work which makes a signal contribution to our understanding of South African Indian history. 512pp, SOUTH AFRICA. HUMAN SCIENCES RESEARCH COUNCIL.

Tells the story, with many historical photographs previously unpublished, of the Jewish pioneers who, like the kokerboom tree, dug their roots into the sandy soil of Namaqualand. They transformed their situation from penniless immigrants to established citizens and in the process left deep tracks in this remote and isolated region of South Africa. A history spanning 120 years, from the mid-1850s to the late 1970s. 206 photographs, map, 160pp, SOUTH AFRICA. FERNWOOD PRESS.

2005 187495075X Hardback

This multi-volume series is an indispensable research tool for scholars working on the history and ethnography of the Zulu kingdom and neighbouring states. James Stuart was an official in the Natal colonial civil service in the 1890s and early years of the 20th century. In meticulously recorded interviews with hundreds of informants, the great majority of them Africans, he assembled a vast and unique collection of notes on the traditions and customs of the Zulu and neighbouring peoples. Volume 5 contains statements from another 40 of the informants whom Stuart interviewed. Among the most important of these are: Ngidi kaMcikaziswa, who gave Stuart a great deal of information on the Zulu King Shaka from the perspective of the Langeni, the people of Shaka's mother; Qalizwe, who provided Stuart with a number of brief but fascinat-ing statements on prostitution and homosexuality among Africans in the towns of Natal; and Pixley Seme, a founder of the South African Native National Congress (later the ANC) in 1912, who was interviewed by Stuart in London in 1925 on historical and social issues. (Vol5 360pp, 255x170mm) SOUTH AFRICA. UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL PRESS.

Examines how the ideas held by slaves, missionaries, abolitionists, and colonial officials about the capacities and roles of men and women crucially influenced slaves' experiences of freedom. Contributes to the literature on comparative slave systems and processes of emancipation. Map, notes, bib, index, 238pp, UK. JAMES CURREY PUBLISHERS.

A study examining in detail how the people of one formerly independent African chiefdom were absorbed into the wider South African society during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Index, bib, notes, tables, maps, xi, 220pp, SOUTH AFRICA. RAVAN PRESS.

Legassick's influential 1969 doctoral thesis about the pre-industrial South African frontier zone of Transorangia. The impressive formation of the Griqua states in the first half of the 19th century outside the borders of the Cape Colony and their relations with Sotho-Tswana polities, white frontiersmen, missionaries and the British administration at the Cape take centre stage in the analysis. The Griqua, of mixed white and Khoisan descent, secured hegemony in a frontier of complex partnerships and power struggles. Index, bib, 394pp, SWITZERLAND. BASLER AFRIKA BIBLIOGRAPHIEN.

Narratives about seven Khoi men and women whose lives became inextricably linked to the VOC's settlement at the Cape in the seventeenth century. Chiefs and servants, enemies and interpreters; none of them escaped unscathed as their people were marginalised and their stories reduced to mere footnotes in the annals of history. Schoeman paints a vivid picture of life at the southernmost point of Africa at a time when the Khoikhoi believed they could find a way of living with these foreigners and their unceasing appetite for cattle - or free themselves forever of this unasked-for presence. 216pp, SOUTH AFRICA. PROTEA BOOK HOUSE.

Examines the rural Cape Colony from the earliest days of Dutch colonial rule in the mid-seventeenth century to the outbreak of the South African War in 1899. Argues that for slaves and slave-owners alike, incorporation into the British Empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century brought fruits that were bitter-sweet. The gentry had initially done well by accepting British rule but were ultimately faced with the legislated ending of servile labour. To slaves and Khoisan servants, British rule brought freedom, but a freedom that remained limited. The alliances that ensured nineteenth-century colonial stability all but fell apart as the descendants of slaves and Khoisan turned on their erstwhile masters during the South African War of 1899-1902. Index, bib, 249pp, SOUTH AFRICA. UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL PRESS.

An authoritative study of slavery in the Cape region of South Africa and resistance of the slaves to daily pressures to become dehumanised. The author looks at the ways in which South African slaves preserved culture, family ties and their human dignity. Index, notes, xiii, 334pp, USA. UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA PRESS.

Rebellions broke out in many areas of South Africa shortly after the institution of white rule in the late nineteenth century and continued into the next century. However, distrust of the colonial regime reached a new peak in the mid-twentieth century, when revolts erupted across a wide area of rural South Africa. All these uprisings were rooted in grievances over taxes. Rebels frequently invoked supernatural powers for assistance and accused government officials of using witchcraft to enrich themselves and to harm ordinary people. Redding argues that beliefs in witchcraft and supernatural powers were part of the political rhetoric; the system of taxation, with all its prescribed interactions between ruler and ruled, was intimately connected to these supernatural beliefs. Examines how black South Africans beliefs in supernatural powers, along with both economic and social change in the rural areas, resulted in specific rebellions and how gender relations in black South African rural families changed. 304pp, USA. OHIO U P.

The contribution of slavery to the economic and social development of South Africa is enormous, particularly in the Cape. In an accessible account, it describes the history and experiences of slaves and slave owners, recounting many and varied aspects of cultural, social and economic life at the time. Part I covers the period from 1654 to emancipation in 1834, during which time many slaves were brought from Indonesia, India and parts of Africa, with the introduction of Islam in the process. Part II tackles the legacy of slavery and the significant contribution it made to the development of the country. Part III is a guide to the many sites that are linked to slavery in the Western Cape. Many of them have been declared heritage sites. Full colour photographs, maps and location details are included. Alan Mountain is the author of First People of the Cape. Notes, maps, 224pp, SOUTH AFRICA. DAVID PHILIP.

First full-length study by a descendant of Cape slaves. Argues for the profound syncretism of that institution, whose influences are still felt in South African culture. Includes original research on slave orchestras. Index, bib, notes, col & b/w illus, 160pp, SOUTH AFRICA. AMPERSAND FOUNDATION. 1919760628

The first full-length study of slave memory in the South African context, and examines the relevance and effects of slave memory for contemporary negotiations of South African gendered and racialised identities. It draws from feminist, postcolonial and memory studies and is therefore interdisciplinary in approach. It reads memory as one way of processing this past, and interprets a variety of cultural, literary and filmic texts to ascertain the particular experiences in relation to slave pasts being fashioned, processed and disseminated. Much of the material surveyed across disciplines attributes to memory, or 'popular history making', a dialogue between past and present whilst ascribing sense to both the eras and their relationship. 256pp, SOUTH AFRICA. WITWATERSRAND UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Biography of a father, son and grandson who led their people to political and military prominence in the western Transvaal and eastern Bechuanaland territories during the expansion of Boer and British influence in the Nineteenth Century. For Boers and Africans alike, successful enterprises were measured in cattle seized, and the Kgatla under Pilane, Kgamanyane and Linchwe, were uncommonly good at rustling. 272pp, SOUTH AFRICA. DAVID PHILIP.

Explores the tensions and contradictions between the colonial civilizing mission and the practice of indirect rule. While colonial states professed that their guiding imperative was to transform colonized societies and bring them within civilized norms, fiscal limitations resulted in ruling through indigenous authorities and customs. In this book, Thomas McClendon analyses this deep contradiction by looking at several crises and key turning points in the early decades of colonial rule in the British colony of Natal, later part of South Africa. He focuses a keen eye on the long tenure of Theophilus Shepstone as that colony's Secretary for Native affairs, examining his interactions with subject African communities. 190pp, USA. UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER PRESS.